Unsupervised Active Visual Search with Monte Carlo Planning under Uncertain Detections

Francesco Taioli, Francesco Giuliari, Yiming Wang, Riccardo Berra, Alberto Castellini, Alessio Del Bue, Alessandro Farinelli, Marco Cristani, Francesco Setti
Accepted at TPAMI
Teaser

Architecture of POMP-BE-PD

Abstract

We propose a solution for Active Visual Search of objects in an environment, whose 2D floor map is the only known information. Our solution has three key features that make it more plausible and robust to detector failures compared to state-of-the-art methods: (i) it is unsupervised as it does not need any training sessions. (ii) During the exploration, a probability distribution on the 2D floor map is updated according to an intuitive mechanism, while an improved belief update increases the effectiveness of the agent’s exploration. (iii) We incorporate the awareness that an object detector may fail into the aforementioned probability modelling by exploiting the success statistics of a specific detector. Our solution is dubbed POMP-BE-PD (Pomcp-based Online Motion Planning with Belief by Exploration and Probabilistic Detection). It uses the current pose of an agent and an RGB-D observation to learn an optimal search policy, exploiting a POMDP solved by a Monte-Carlo planning approach. On the Active Vision Database benchmark, we increase the average success rate over all the environments by a significant 35% while decreasing the average path length by 4% with respect to competing methods. Thus, our results are state-of-the-art, even without using any training procedure.

Scenario

Easy: Home 005 2
Easy: Home 015 1
Medium: Home 001 2
Medium: Home 014 2
Medium: Home 016 1
Hard: Home 003 2
Hard: Home 004 2
Hard: Home 013 1

Examples

Using POMP-BE-PD method and the object detector

Searching for Coca Cola bottle

Searching for Listerine

Searching for Red Bull

BibTeX

      
        
      @ARTICLE{taioli_24_UAVS,
        author={Taioli, Francesco and Giuliari, Francesco and Wang, Yiming and Berra, Riccardo and Castellini, Alberto and Bue, Alessio Del and Farinelli, Alessandro and Cristani, Marco and Setti, Francesco},
        journal={IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence}, 
        title={{Unsupervised Active Visual Search with Monte Carlo Planning under Uncertain Detections}}, 
        year={2024},
        volume={},
        number={},
        pages={1-12},
        doi={10.1109/TPAMI.2024.3451994}
      }